Tag archives for Insomnia
Sleep Disorders: Insomnia. Part 8
Posted By Kelly On Monday, November 9th 2009 under: Disorders Tags: Drugs, Insomnia, Mental Disorder, Treatment
Patient Education
Tips to Help Patients Improve Sleep
Did you know that your behavior can affect how well you sleep? It can be helpful to examine your habits and determine if some simple adjustments can get your sleep pattern back on track.
Do you spend too much time lying awake in bed?
When you cannot fall asleep, you may think you need to force yourself to lie there until you do. However, you may ... Read More
Sleep Disorders: Insomnia. Part 7
Posted By Kelly On Monday, November 9th 2009 under: Disorders Tags: Drugs, Insomnia, Mental Disorder, Mental health, Treatment
Novel Nonbenzodiazepine Hypnotic Drugs
Zolpidem: Zolpidem was marketed in the United States in the early 1990s as the first nonbenzodiazepine hypnotic with a specific effect on the omega-1 receptor. Due to its specificity, zolpidem lacks anticonvulsant, muscle relaxant, and anxiolytic effects, and has been shown to have less effect on sleep architecture and next-day performance compared to benzodiazepines. Its hypnotic efficacy is the same as that of benzodiazepine hypnotics. Rebound insomnia, ... Read More
Sleep Disorders: Insomnia. Part 6
Posted By Kelly On Monday, November 9th 2009 under: Disorders Tags: Drugs, Insomnia, Mental Disorder, Mental health, Treatment
Dose versus Pharmacokinetics: Although use of a shorter acting benzodiazepine hypnotic will decrease the possibility of morning hangover, dose is of equal importance. All benzodiazepines given the night before can impair next-day performance. The longer half-life drugs produce more next-day performance impairment, but dose is the most important determinant. Use of shorter half-life drugs like triazolam may cause next-day impairment if doses of 0.5 mg are given, while doses of ... Read More
Sleep Disorders: Insomnia. Part 5
Posted By Kelly On Monday, November 9th 2009 under: Disorders Tags: Drugs, Insomnia, Mental Disorder, Mental health, Treatment
Antidepressant Drugs
Sedating antidepressants have been used to induce sleep in doses lower than those generally used for depression in an attempt to avoid the benzodiazepines’ liabilities of dependence, rebound insomnia, and withdrawal effects. Low-dose tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs), such as amitriptyline or doxepin, were once the most commonly used antidepressants for insomnia. Trazodone in doses of 50–200 mg at bedtime has more recently become the preferred antidepressant for insomnia. Trazodone’s hypnotic ... Read More
Sleep Disorders: Insomnia. Part 4
Posted By Kelly On Monday, November 9th 2009 under: Disorders Tags: Drugs, Insomnia, Mental Disorder, Mental health, Treatment
Nonprescription Hypnotic Agents
Antihistamines: Most over-the-counter drug treatments for insomnia contain the antihistamines diphenhydramine, doxylamine or hydroxyzine. Individuals with insomnia report that these agents cause drowsiness and help them fall asleep. The most prominent disadvantage is the next-day “hang-over” effects of psychomotor impairment and anticholinergic side effects that can be intolerable. These agents are less effective for treating insomnia than are the benzodiazepines. Also, they typically are not effective for chronic ... Read More
Sleep Disorders: Insomnia. Part 3
Posted By Kelly On Monday, November 9th 2009 under: Disorders Tags: Insomnia, Mental Disorder, Mental health, Treatment
Nonpharmacologic Treatment
Sleep experts universally recommend behavioral interventions, either alone or with adjunct medication, for the treatment of insomnia. When interventions such as keeping a regular sleep schedule; creating a dark, comfortable bedroom environment; and establishing a pre-bedtime ritual are effective, insomnia can be resolved without the expense of drugs or drug side effects. Specific interventions should be tailored to the type of sleep complaint. For example, eliminating alcohol for at ... Read More
Sleep Disorders: Insomnia. Part 2
Posted By Kelly On Monday, November 9th 2009 under: Disorders Tags: Insomnia, Mental Disorder, Mental health
Physiology of Sleep
An understanding of normal sleep is essential in recognizing and effectively treating insomnia. Although individual sleep needs vary, between six and nine hours of total sleep are necessary to feel rested and refreshed and to have optimal daytime functioning. Polysomnography is not needed to evaluate typical insomnia in the clinical setting but provides valuable information on normal physiologic sleep.
Sleep is divided into five stages. REM (rapid eye movement) ... Read More
Sleep Disorders: Insomnia. Part 1
Posted By Kelly On Monday, November 9th 2009 under: Disorders Tags: Insomnia, Mental Disorder, Mental health
Newer agents with short duration of effect are changing the pharmacologic treatment of insomnia.
Insomnia negatively affects as many as 10% of the U.S. population, and its impact on medical illnesses, work productivity, and quality of life is only recently being fully appreciated. The need to effectively treat insomnia means pharmacists must understand the relative role of nonpharmacologic and pharmacologic treatment options. Drug treatment options continue to evolve, with benzodiazepine ... Read More
The Elderly: Insomnia, Depression, and Suicide Risk. Part 3
Posted By Kelly On Monday, November 9th 2009 under: Disorders Tags: Depression, Elderly, Insomnia, Pharmacotherapy, Suicide
General Principles of Pharmacologic Intervention
A thorough history, physical examination, and basic laboratory studies are important to fully evaluate the patient and rule out medical and medication-related causes of insomnia and depression. Additionally, the selection of the appropriate antidepressant medication (selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, tricyclic antidepressants , monoamine oxidase inhibitors, or atypical antidepressants), adequate dosages, and a sufficient trial period are imperative in the treatment of depression in the elderly. ... Read More
The Elderly: Insomnia, Depression, and Suicide Risk. Part 2
Posted By Kelly On Monday, November 9th 2009 under: Disorders Tags: Depression, Elderly, Insomnia, Pharmacotherapy, Suicide
Depression, Morbidity, and Suicide Risk
Why is it so important to assess the risk for depression in a senior with insomnia who may not feel comfortable with the subject or who feels stigmatized by self-reporting a depressed mood? As mentioned earlier, a depressive disorder is among the most common causes for sleep disturbances in the elderly. Furthermore, depression is one of the most common psychiatric disorders among the elderly, with ... Read More
Hello, everybody, who is interested to be healthy. My name is Kelly. I learnt about depression by my own experience. Now I am ok. Here I want to share my thoughts and ideas how to treat depression symptoms.