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  • About 

    September 24, 2009, 11:32

    On my blog I want to share my thoughts and ideas how to treat depression symptoms.

  • Facts on Depression 

    May 18, 2010, 05:16

    Depression is a condition characterised by long-lasting feelings of sadness and hopelessness. People affected by depression usually suffer from the negative…

  • Drugs 

    May 10, 2011, 09:25

    Amphetamines (includes some phenylethylamine derivatives) Use: antidepressant; stimulant; antihyperactivity Generic Drug…

  • Site Map 

    August 26, 2010, 08:05

    This page contains the site table of contents. Use it to quickly find content on this website.


Blog Posts

  • Category: Uncategorized  (3)
  • Category: Antidepressants  (82)
  • Category: Depression  (71)
    • The Murder of the Self: Men and Suicide by: Kelly

      August 8, 2011, 09:57

      Religious and bureaucratic prejudices, family sensitivity, the vagaries and differences in the proceedings of corner's courts and post-mortem examinations, the…

    • Suicide In Men: The Facts by: Kelly

      August 8, 2011, 09:55

      When data on suicide are examined closely, the grim reality of the impact of depression on men is obvious. Studies of suicide have consistently found that men…

    • Comorbidity And Suicide In Men by: Kelly

      August 8, 2011, 09:54

      Men and women who make suicide attempts and who commit suicide have been found to suffer from a number of psychiatric and psychological disturbances. In…

    • Increased Risk Of Suicide In Men by: Kelly

      August 8, 2011, 09:52

      Data on suicide attempts and completions clearly paint a grim picture for depressed men: depressed men complete suicide in very high numbers. Even if it is…

    • Assessment Of Suicide Risk In Men by: Kelly

      August 8, 2011, 09:51

      In light of men's higher risk for suicide, careful assessment of suicide risk is essential when treating men for depression. This assessment of risk in men…

    • Management Of Suicide Risk by: Kelly

      August 8, 2011, 09:50

      Assessment of suicide risk invariably directs clinician attention to the management of suicide risk. Goals and strategies for management of suicide risk may…

    • Psychopharrnacologic Treatment of Depression in Men by: Kelly

      August 8, 2011, 09:46

      I could feel the tears within me, undiscovered and untouched in their inland sea. Those tears had been with me always. I thought that, at birth, American…

    • Antidepressants And Depression In Men by: Kelly

      August 8, 2011, 09:45

      Though the population-based data demonstrate equal response to antidepressant medication, there are, of course, compelling reasons to choose a particular…

    • Testosterone And Depression In Men by: Kelly

      August 8, 2011, 09:43

      Another issue which is unique to the assessment and treatment of depressed men is the potential role played by testosterone in the genesis and maintenance of…

    • Assessing Depression in Men by: Kelly

      August 8, 2011, 09:19

      He who conceals his disease cannot expect to be cured. Ethiopian Proverb The title of Whybrow's (1997) popular treatise on mood disorders, "A Mood Apart,"…

    • Symptom Profiles In Mood Disorders by: Kelly

      August 8, 2011, 09:18

      A primary consideration in the assessment of depression is a careful review of the individual's symptoms. A diagnosis of depression, as defined in the fourth…

    • Instruments To Assess Depression by: Kelly

      August 8, 2011, 09:16

      In addition to structured clinical interview methods for assisting the clinician in assessing depression, there are a number of popular self-report measures…

    • Masculine-Specific Assessment Of Depression by: Kelly

      August 8, 2011, 09:14

      Pollack (1998a) has proposed a change in the way clinicians assess male depression. This new approach to assessing depression in men emphasizes the important…

    • Loss, Trauma, Grief and Masked Depression in Men by: Kelly

      August 8, 2011, 09:11

      Much obviously remains to be learned (and a great deal will doubtless continue to be a mystery, owing to the disease's idiopathic nature, its constant…

    • Normative Loss Across The Life Span by: Kelly

      August 8, 2011, 09:09

      A number of psychoanalytically informed theorists,have pointed out the gender-bifurcated impact of our culture's child-rearing practices. In these conceptualiza…

    • Trauma And Depression by: Kelly

      August 8, 2011, 09:07

      Trauma involves a severe disturbance of an individual's mental and emotional life through a painfully inflicted experience or series of experiences from…

    • Grief and Depression by: Kelly

      August 8, 2011, 09:05

      Grief is defined as the physical and emotional state and the behaviors that accompany the permanent loss of a significant other. Much of the research literature…

    • Manifestations Of Covert Depression In Men by: Kelly

      August 8, 2011, 09:04

      Biopsychosocial models of depression emphasize a complex interplay of biological and genetic vulnerability, psychological mechanisms, and behavioral tendencies…

    • Marital Functioning and Depression by: Kelly

      May 26, 2011, 10:32

      Researchers have focused specifically on the quality of the marital and romantic relationships of depressed individuals to better understand the role of…

    • Maltreatment and Depression by: Kelly

      May 26, 2011, 10:15

      Childhood maltreatment, including physical abuse, emotional maltreatment, sexual abuse, and neglect, has long been implicated in the development of depression…

    • Loss by: Kelly

      May 26, 2011, 10:13

      The notion that painful life experience is critically linked with depressive illness is in no way new. On the one hand within orthodox psychiatry, well before…

    • Intrusive Memory by: Kelly

      May 25, 2011, 09:58

      Many patients with depression, like those with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), experience unwanted memories of one or more significant events in their…

    • Interpersonal Model of Depression by: Kelly

      May 25, 2011, 09:46

      The interpersonal approach to depression focus on interactional patterns as a primary source of the onset and maintenance of depression. The interpersonal…

    • Internalizing Disorders by: Kelly

      May 25, 2011, 09:43

      Reynolds (1992) described internalizing disorders in children and adolescents as "a class of disorders that are considered to be inner-directed, in which core…

    • Internal Working Models by: Kelly

      May 25, 2011, 09:40

      The idea of an internal working model was proposed by Bowlby (1980). Internal working models are seen as so-called cognitive-interpersonal blueprints that form…

    • Expressed Emotion by: Kelly

      May 24, 2011, 12:12

      Expressed emotion (EE) is a relational construct that provides a measure of the family environment. Its origins come from schizophrenia research. However,…

    • Depressogenesis by: Kelly

      May 24, 2011, 11:56

      Two terms that are used frequently in the cognitive depression literature, but that apply to all theoretical domains, are depressotypic and depressogenic.…

    • Melancholia by: Kelly

      May 24, 2011, 11:49

      The term melancholia has origins in the humoral theory, which imputed disease as reflecting an imbalance in one or more of the bodily humors — blood, black…

    • Managing Resistant Depression. Part 8 by: Kelly

      May 2, 2011, 10:36

      Absolute treatment resistance In most surveys, the number of patients with absolute treatment resistance is very small. In some specialized tertiary…

    • Impact of Depression on Earnings by: Kelly

      March 31, 2010, 08:07

      The raging controversy in managed care continues to focus on whether reducing expenditures actually means saving money. Recent data published in The American…

    • Depression In The Elderly: Treatment Of Depression by: Kelly

      December 22, 2009, 15:29

      Treatment of depressive disorders may involve psychopharmacology, psychotherapy, or both. Studies have shown that for mild depression, psychotherapy was more…

    • Depression In The Elderly: Outcome Of Depressive Disorder. Suicide by: Kelly

      December 21, 2009, 15:28

      Depressive disorder untreated can last 7 to 14 months and longer than 2 years. In the elderly, a pathological grieving process that has progressed to an…

    • Depression In The Elderly: Presentation Of Depression In The Elderly by: Kelly

      December 20, 2009, 15:27

      The fourth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) enumerates a total of nine criteria for the diagnosis of major…

    • Depression In The Elderly: Epidemiologic Studies Of Depression by: Kelly

      December 19, 2009, 15:19

      Major depressive disorder occurs throughout the life cycle. Longitudinal data suggest a changing pattern in the age of onset in the United States. In more…

    • Depression and Psychosis: Improving Outcomes by: Kelly

      December 14, 2009, 08:30

      The following is the question and answer session from the Depression and Psychosis: Improving Outcomes. The presenters were Richard G. Petty, M.D., and Jack M.…

    • Tranquillizer and Antidepressant Drugs in Practice. Part 3 by: Kelly

      November 27, 2009, 08:04

      (Country: Canada) Psychiatric Problems in Children Tranquillizers have been used to a moderate degree in the treatment of similar psychiatric conditions in…

    • Tranquillizer and Antidepressant Drugs in Practice. Part 2 by: Kelly

      November 27, 2009, 08:03

      (Country: Canada) Miscellaneous Group The drugs in the miscellaneous group which are most widely used are meprobamate and Librium. Meprobamate is marketed…

    • Tranquillizer and Antidepressant Drugs in Practice. Part 1 by: Kelly

      November 27, 2009, 08:01

      (Country: Canada) A healthy controversy continues to be manifested in the field of psychiatry concerning the use of drug therapy. This controversy is related…

    • Depression and Cocaine Use by: Kelly

      November 27, 2009, 04:23

      In clinical practices and research program we have commonly observed dual diagnoses in patients with serious disorders of alcohol or other substance abuse. One…

    • Early detection of depression. Part 4 by: Kelly

      November 26, 2009, 07:48

      Special problems The early detection of depression is much more complex and challenging than the detection of other conditions seen in the primary care…

    • Early detection of depression. Part 3 by: Kelly

      November 26, 2009, 07:47

      Effectiveness of early detection The critical question with any intervention for early detection and treatment is whether it does more good than harm as…

    • Early detection of depression. Part 2 by: Kelly

      November 26, 2009, 07:46

      Are there acceptable routine screening tests? Instruments for routine case-finding in primary care settings must be of acceptable quality, brief and easy…

    • Early detection of depression. Part 1 by: Kelly

      November 26, 2009, 07:28

      Depression is common and can usually be treated effectively. However, in many cases physicians may not recognize depression, especially in its early stages.…

    • Adolescent depression. Treatment. Part 4 by: Kelly

      November 25, 2009, 08:06

      Pharmacotherapy Antidepressant medication has been surprisingly inefficacious for adolescents. In contrast to open studies, placebo-controlled, double-blin…

    • Adolescent depression. Treatment. Part 3 by: Kelly

      November 25, 2009, 08:05

      Cognitive therapy strategies. During several 20-minute sessions scheduled about every 2 weeks, cognitive behavioural therapy can be introduced to teens in a…

    • Adolescent depression. Treatment. Part 2 by: Kelly

      November 25, 2009, 08:04

      Psychotherapy Table 1 outlines psychotherapeutic approaches to adolescent depression. The emphasis is on cognitive therapy and behavioural strategies that…

    • Adolescent depression. Treatment. Part 1 by: Kelly

      November 25, 2009, 07:59

      Résumé (French Language) Le traitement de la dépression chez les adolescents comporte de multiples modalités, incluant des interventions de nature…

    • Adolescent depression. Diagnosis. Part 4 by: Kelly

      November 24, 2009, 03:57

      Comorbidity Comorbidity is the simultaneous occurrence of more than one diagnosis. Comorbidity complicates research on the etiology and outcome of a single…

    • Adolescent depression. Diagnosis. Part 3 by: Kelly

      November 24, 2009, 03:56

      Differential diagnosis If unhappiness is common, how do we know an adolescent is clinically depressed rather than having "normal" teenage…

    • Adolescent depression. Diagnosis. Part 2 by: Kelly

      November 24, 2009, 03:55

      Risk factors An awareness of risk factors can help a physician detect the potential for clinical depression in a particular young person. Risk factors for…

    • Adolescent depression. Diagnosis. Part 1 by: Kelly

      November 24, 2009, 03:52

      Résumé (French Language) Chez les adolescents, la dépression clinique amène une morbidité significative, incluant une détresse somatique et une…

    • Managing Resistant Depression. Part 7 by: Kelly

      November 22, 2009, 04:56

      Other augmentation strategies. In addition to lithium, other agents have been described as augmentors, depending on the antidepressant used. Triiodothyron…

    • Managing Resistant Depression. Part 6 by: Kelly

      November 22, 2009, 04:54

      Specific approaches to treatment-resistant depression A stepped-care approach should be used to manage depression. Figure 1 summarizes the various steps and…

    • Managing Resistant Depression. Part 5 by: Kelly

      November 22, 2009, 04:50

      Assessment of current treatment. The most frequent reason that a patient does not respond to treatment and becomes labeled as treatment resistant is the…

    • Managing Resistant Depression. Part 4 by: Kelly

      November 22, 2009, 04:49

      Underlying physical factors. Many physical diseases present with depressive symptoms or complicate a depressive illness. Many of these illnesses remain…

    • Managing Resistant Depression. Part 3 by: Kelly

      November 22, 2009, 04:47

      Factors involved in treatment failure Several questions must be asked when assessing a patient who has failed to respond to treatment. Is the diagnosis of…

    • Managing Resistant Depression. Part 2 by: Kelly

      November 22, 2009, 04:43

      Definition Treatment-resistant depression is difficult to define. The term embraces many variables that can influence response to treatment. Treatment-resistan…

    • Managing Resistant Depression. Part 1 by: Kelly

      November 22, 2009, 04:42

      The World Health Organization identified mood disorders as a significant public health problem more than a decade ago. Some evidence suggests that the…

    • SSRIs and Sexual Dysfunction by: Kelly

      November 22, 2009, 02:59

      Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors are an effective treatment for depression, but they can be associated with sexual dysfunction. To improve compliance…

    • Panic Symptoms Predict Poor Response to Depression Treatment by: Kelly

      November 20, 2009, 02:26

      Evidence indicates that patients with major depression and co-occurring anxiety features are at risk for more severe symptoms and less favorable outcome than…

    • Childhood Depression by: Kelly

      November 19, 2009, 02:11

      It is estimated that 1.9% of primary school children and 4.7% of adolescents are affected by depression; the consequences of depression in this age group can…

    • Defeating Depression! by: Kelly

      November 12, 2009, 03:51

      Therapy, medication can give you back your life If you're suffering from clinical depression, you might be reluctant to tell anyone how you feel. Unfortunate…

    • Vitamin B12 Deficiency Linked to Depression in Older Women by: Kelly

      November 11, 2009, 17:08

      Brenda Penninx, Ph.D., and colleagues from The Johns Hopkins University, the University of Colorado in Denver and Vrije University in the Netherlands have…

    • Seniors Downplay Clinical Depression by: Kelly

      November 9, 2009, 08:50

      Attitudes of Older Americans Toward Depression Percent of Americans 65 years or older Know Little 68% View as Health Problem 38…

    • Depression in the Elderly by: Kelly

      November 9, 2009, 08:42

      Depression in late life is a treatable disorder and is not a part of the normal aging process, points out Ira R. Katz, M.D., a professor of psychiatry at the…

    • Unemployment Payments Protect Against Depression by: Kelly

      November 7, 2009, 16:45

      Unemployment payments not only provide an economic buffer for unemployed women but also are effective protection against depression. But welfare is not…

    • Three of Four Depression Categories Are Mostly Homogeneous by: Kelly

      November 2, 2009, 17:01

      In order to examine the validity of diagnostic categories of depression, Li-Shiun Chen, M.D., and colleagues from The Johns Hopkins University charted the…

    • Resistant depression by: Kelly

      October 16, 2009, 04:48

      More than 20% of patients with major depression have not recovered after 2 years and, of those who do initially recover, 20% suffer a relapse 1 year later.…

    • Anxiety and Depression by: Kelly

      October 12, 2009, 09:49

      Anxiety and depression are common symptoms of a failure to cope with mental stress. Traditional treatments for these conditions have often involved psychotherap…

    • The Classification of Depression by: Kelly

      September 25, 2009, 01:10

      Current concepts of classification The classification of depression is a broad topic, sufficient to keep armies of psychiatrists disputing happily for…

    • Understanding Depression by: Kelly

      September 24, 2009, 00:11

      There are three levels of symptoms to watch for: somatic symptoms, strategies to relieve discomfort, and social withdrawal. Somatic Symptoms The primary…

  • Category: Book review  (32)
    • Cultural Issues in the Treatment of Anxiety by: Kelly

      May 3, 2011, 10:52

      Friedman S, editor New York, London: The Guilford Press; 1997. 261 pp. with index ISBN 1-57230-237-2 Anxiety is a profound human experience. Anxiety…

    • The Treatment of Anxiety Disorders by: Kelly

      March 16, 2010, 14:51

      The Treatment of Anxiety Disorders: Clinician's Guide and Patient Treatment Manuals Gavin Andrews, Rocco Crino, Caroline Hunt, Lisa Lampe, Andrew Page, 423…

    • Drug Use In Assisted Suicide And Euthanasia by: Kelly

      March 13, 2010, 01:20

      Editors: Margaret P. Battin, Arthur G. Lipman Pharmaceutical Products Press, 10 Alice St, Binghamton, NY 13904-1580 USA 1996/360 pp Balanced…

    • Antidepressants - thirty years on by: Kelly

      February 1, 2010, 19:49

      Brian Leonard and Paul Spenser, eds. Colchester: Portland Press, 1991, 516 pp ISBN 1-869868-74-9 The Royal College of Psychiatrists and the Royal…

    • Treating mental illness in primary care by: Kelly

      January 23, 2010, 06:33

      Managing Mental Health Problems. A Practical Guide for Primary Care Nick Kates, Marilyn Craven Hogrefe & Huber Publishers, 12 Bruce Park Ave,…

    • Psychiatric Primary Care by: Kelly

      January 22, 2010, 06:33

      Linda Denise Oakley, Claudette Potter Mosby-Year Book, Inc, 11830 Westline Industrial Dr, St Louis, MO 63146 USA 1997/448 pp Strengths Assessment…

    • Recognizing depression in adolescents by: Kelly

      January 21, 2010, 21:07

      Helping Your Depressed Teenager. A Guide for Parents and Caregivers Gerald D. Oster, Sarah S. Montgomery John Wiley & Sons Canada, Ltd, 5353…

    • Practical management in psychiatry by: Kelly

      January 20, 2010, 05:13

      Psychological Problems in General Practice A.C. Markus; C. Murray Parkes; P. Tomson; M.Johnston Oxford University Press, 70 Wynford Dr, Don Mills, ON M3C…

    • Research Methods in Psychiatry by: Kelly

      December 31, 2009, 20:57

      Research Methods in Psychiatry: A beginner's guide Chris Freeman and Peter tyrer (eds) The Royal College of Psychiatrists, London 1989, 240 pages No…

    • Anxiety and Stress Management by: Kelly

      December 31, 2009, 19:55

      Trevor J Powell and Simon J Enright Routledge, Chapman and Hall, London 1989, 196 pages This useful book is the first in a series on strategies for…

    • Managing Anxiety: A Training Manual by: Kelly

      December 22, 2009, 20:53

      Helen Kennerley Oxford University Press 1990, 177 pages Anxious patients can be treated in many ways and as general practitioners we have numerous…

    • Measuring Stress by: Kelly

      December 1, 2009, 23:01

      Cohen S, Kessler RC, Underwood Gordon L, editors New York: Oxford University Press; 1997. 236 pp. with index ISBN 0-19-512120-1 (paper) "Stress"…

    • Depression And The Social Environment by: Kelly

      November 29, 2009, 15:53

      Depression And The Social Environment: Research And Intervention With Neglected Populations Editors: Philippe CappeUez; Robert J. Flyrm McGill Queen's…

    • Risk Management with Suicidal Patients by: Kelly

      November 28, 2009, 13:20

      Risk Management with Suicidal Patients Bongar B, Berman AL, Mavis RW, Silverman MM, Harris EA, Pakman WL, editors New York: The Guilford Press;…

    • Drug Therapy: Decision Making Guide by: Kelly

      November 21, 2009, 11:03

      Edited by James McCormack, Glen Brown, Marc Levine, Robert Rangno and John Ruedy. 550 pp. W.B. Saunders Company/Harcourt Brace & Company, Philadelphia;…

    • Mental Health Law and Practice by: Kelly

      November 20, 2009, 11:01

      Julio Arboleda-Florez and Margaret Copithorne. Illust Carswell, Scarborough, Ont. 1995 ISBN 9547062-855 This looseleaf book, subtitled "a Guide to the…

    • The Anxiety and Phobia Workbook by: Kelly

      November 19, 2009, 10:59

      The Anxiety and Phobia Workbook, 2nd ed. Edmund J. Bourne. 428 pp. New Harbinger Publications, Inc. 1995 ISBN 1-57224-003-2, paperback; ISBN 1-57224-004-0…

    • Physiotherapy in Mental Health by: Kelly

      November 18, 2009, 10:57

      Physiotherapy in Mental Health: a Practical Approach Edited by Tina Everett, Maureen Dennis and Eirian Rick-etts. 424 pp Must. Butterworth-Heinemann,…

    • Psychotherapy for schizophrenia by: Kelly

      November 17, 2009, 10:41

      The Dinosaur Man: Tales of Madness and Enchantment from the Back Ward Susan Baur. 203 pp Edward Burlingame Books, Harper Collins Publishers, New York.…

    • Suicide: Right or Wrong? by: Kelly

      November 16, 2009, 10:40

      Edited by John Donnelly Contemporary Issues in Philosophy; series editors, Robert M. Baird and Stuart E. Rosenbaum. 212 pp Prometheus Books, Buffalo, NY.…

    • Living and Working with Schizophrenia  by: Kelly

      November 15, 2009, 10:39

      Living and Working with Schizophrenia, 2nd ed. J.J. Jeffries, E. Plummer, M.V. Seeman and J.F. Thornton. 148 pp. University of Toronto Press, Toronto.…

    • The Encyclopedia of Phobias, Fears, and Anxieties by: Kelly

      November 14, 2009, 10:37

      Ronald M. Doctor and Ada P. Kahn. 487 pp. Illust Facts on File, New York, 1989 ISBN 0-8160-1798-0 Have you ever wondered what aichurophobia is and been…

    • Handbook of Essential Psychopharmacology by: Kelly

      November 13, 2009, 06:33

      Handbook of Essential Psychopharmacology Pies RW Washington: American Psychiatric Press; 1998. 416 pp. with index ISBN 0-88048-765-8 This concise,…

    • Cognitive Vulnerability to Depression by: Kelly

      November 7, 2009, 08:08

      Ingram RE, Miranda J, Segal ZV New York: The Guilford Press; 1998. 330 pp with index ISBN 1-57230-304-2 (cloth) What does it mean to be vulnerable…

    • Drug Action in the Central Nervous System by: Kelly

      November 7, 2009, 07:33

      Carvey PM Oxford (UK): Oxford University Press; 1997 ISBN 0-19509-334-8 Understanding the pharmacodynamics, or actions, of drugs is essential in central…

    • Psychotropic Drug Handbook by: Kelly

      November 7, 2009, 07:31

      Psychotropic Drug Handbook, 7th Edition Perry PJ, Alexander B, Liskow BI Washington (DC): American Psychiatric Press; 1997. 740 pp with index ISBN…

    • Dysthymia and the Spectrum of Chronic Depressions by: Kelly

      November 7, 2009, 07:23

      Akiskal HS, Cassano GB (editors) New York: The Guilford Press; 1997. 228 pp with index ISBN 1-57230-089-2 (cloth) This is a very good book about a…

    • The Encyclopedia of Depression by: Kelly

      October 22, 2009, 07:29

      The Encyclopedia of Depression. Roberta Roesch. 263 pp. Facts on File, New York. 1991. ISBN 0-8160-1936-3 Those who work in mental health areas…

    • Ask the Doctor: Depression by: Kelly

      October 10, 2009, 09:49

      Ask the Doctor: Depression Vincent Friedewald Andrews McMeel Publishing, Kansas City. 1998. 114 pp. Illust. ISBN 0-8362-2711-5 Overall rating: Very…

    • Handbook of Depression by: Kelly

      October 6, 2009, 04:43

      Handbook of Depression. Second Edition EE Beckham, WR Leber, editors New York: Guilford Press; 1995. 628 p This multiauthor book is edited by E Edward…

    • Review book: Natural Prozac by: Kelly

      September 30, 2009, 22:05

      Natural Prozac: Learning to Release Your Body's Own Anti-Depressants. Joel C. Robertson and Tom Monte. 215 pp. HarperCollins Publishers, Inc., New…

    • Review book: Speaking of sadness by: Kelly

      September 28, 2009, 15:21

      Speaking of sadness. Depression, disconnection, and the meanings of illness David A. Karp Oxford University Press Canada, 1996, 240 pp Strengths…

  • Category: Pharmacotherapy  (9)
  • Category: Psychiatry  (1)
    • Abbreviation by: Kelly

      September 24, 2009, 00:00

      AE - Adverse Event CRF - Case Report Form DCT - Demethylcitalopram DDCT - Didemethyl Metabolite DSU - Drug Surveillance Unit ECG - Electrocardiogram ISS…

  • Category: Pharmacology  (6)
    • Amphetamines by: Kelly

      May 10, 2011, 09:49

      History's first true antidepressants were the amphetamines. As stimulants, they appear to have an elective effect on low mood (but make anxiety worse). So they…

    • Barbiturates by: Kelly

      May 10, 2011, 09:47

      In the late nineteenth century, a slew of new treatments started to become available thanks mainly to the magic of the German chemical industry. In 1857, the…

    • The Earliest Effective Drugs by: Kelly

      May 10, 2011, 09:46

      In terms of medication, there have always been drugs to soothe the mind and tame the agitated spirit. Alkaloids, widely found in nature, especially in plants…

    • Some Griefs Are Medicinable by: Kelly

      May 10, 2011, 09:44

      What does a world without psychopharmacology look like? In 1913, Mr. X, a 25-year-old employee of the London branch of a Swiss bank, came to see Dr.…

    • How are 5-HT2 selective antagonists different from current drug therapy in schizophrenia? by: Kelly

      December 11, 2009, 10:14

      There a two major classes of agents currently used to treat schizophrenia - the older neuroleptics (typical antipsychotics) and the newer atypical antipsychotic…

    • What is the role of serotonin in psychotic disorders? by: Kelly

      December 10, 2009, 10:01

      The precise role of serotonin (5-HT) in psychotic disorders is not fully understood. However, a variety of preclinical and clinical data suggest that 5-HT is…

  • Category: Drugs  (17)
    • Lithium by: Kelly

      May 10, 2011, 09:58

      By rights, lithium should come first in a discussion of the first drug set, because its effectiveness was discovered — or more properly rediscovered — in…

    • Tricyclic Antidepressants by: Kelly

      May 10, 2011, 09:57

      The success of chlorpromazine wonderfully concentrated minds in the pharmaceutical industry. The discovery did seem capable of being reproduced. Chlorpromazine'…

    • Energizers by: Kelly

      May 10, 2011, 09:57

      In 1957 Hoffmann-La Roche secured from the FDA a depression indication for iproniazid, their drug brand-named Marsilid, that had been on the market for…

    • Chlorpromazine and the Phenothiazines by: Kelly

      May 10, 2011, 09:55

      Yet the concept of tranquilizer was validated in the usefulness of chlorpromazine and other phenothiazine antipsychotics as antidepressants. Antipsychotics as…

    • Dissolving the Tranquilizer Unity by: Kelly

      May 10, 2011, 09:54

      In the late 1950s the tranquilizer spectrum started to be hammered apart with the reification of specific drug categories such as antipsychotics, antidepressa…

    • Meprobamate by: Kelly

      May 10, 2011, 09:54

      As the Ritalin story was unfolding, Frank Berger was searching for a longer-acting mephenesin, the drug with such salutary effects on cerebral palsy at the…

    • Methylphenidate by: Kelly

      May 10, 2011, 09:53

      It is difficult for clinicians of the twenty-first century to accept that they might be offering their patients medications that are less effective than those…

    • Reserpine by: Kelly

      May 10, 2011, 09:52

      Although mephenesin was the first tranquilizer, it wasn't billed as one. Philadelphia psychiatrist Benjamin Rush initially used the term tranquilizer, early…

    • Mephenesin by: Kelly

      May 10, 2011, 09:52

      It is the Second World War. Frank Berger, a Jewish refugee from Nazi Germany who was born in Pilsen, Austro-Hungary, in 1913 and graduated in medicine in…

    • Drug interactions: cytochrome P450. Part 8 by: Kelly

      November 9, 2009, 08:23

      Role of Pharmacist There is no guide, chart, or computer software program for clinicians to clearly identify or quickly predict which drugs interact with…

    • Drug interactions: cytochrome P450. Part 7 by: Kelly

      November 9, 2009, 08:23

      CYP2C Isoenzyme Metabolism The CYP2C subfamily consists of 2C9, 2C10, and 2C19 isozymes as well as others. While these enzymes metabolize a smaller number…

    • Drug interactions: cytochrome P450. Part 6 by: Kelly

      November 9, 2009, 08:22

      CYP1A2 Isoenzyme Metabolism Approximately 15% of all drugs used today are metabolized by the CYP1A2 isozyme. It is generally believed that there is no…

    • Drug interactions: cytochrome P450. Part 5 by: Kelly

      November 9, 2009, 08:21

      CYP2D6 Isoenzyme Metabolism About 25% of all drugs used today are substrates for the CYP2D6 isozyme. This isozyme has been studied extensively. It greatly…

    • Drug interactions: cytochrome P450. Part 4 by: Kelly

      November 9, 2009, 08:17

      CYP3A4 Isoenzyme Metabolism The CYP3A enzyme family is composed of four isozymes involved with metabolism: CYP3A, CYP3A4, CYP3A5, and CYP3A7. Of these, the…

    • Drug interactions: cytochrome P450. Part 3 by: Kelly

      November 9, 2009, 08:15

      Metabolism These CYP enzymes are present in every cell and are responsible for metabolizing or detoxifying consumed foreign (i.e., xeno) biological…

    • Drug interactions: cytochrome P450. Part 2 by: Kelly

      November 9, 2009, 08:15

      Genetic Polymorphism Genetic polymorphism plays a major role modulating drug interactions with the CYP metabolic enzyme system,and contributes to the…

    • Drug interactions: cytochrome P450. Part 1 by: Kelly

      November 9, 2009, 08:11

      This installment focuses on drug interactions as a consequence of metabolism by the cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzyme system. Due to the complexity of this enzyme…

  • Category: Disorders  (50)
  • Category: Question - Answer  (47)
    • Depression and Anxiety by: Kelly

      July 17, 2010, 11:36

      Question. I have been taking 0.1 mg of Synthroid and 200 mg Serzone daily for a little over six months. This seems to have improved my depression and anxiety…

    • Augmenting Depression by: Kelly

      May 11, 2010, 06:07

      Question. I am veteran of SSRI poop-out. After more than four successful years on Zoloft, it stopped working. When tyrosine was added, it was effective for…

    • Ambien and Depression by: Kelly

      May 8, 2010, 06:04

      Question. I take Luvox 150 mg per day for chronic depression and obsessive anger problems. My psychiatrist is concerned about my sleep habits, which have…

    • Male Depression by: Kelly

      May 5, 2010, 06:01

      Question. I am attempting to research the area of male depression. Through my experience of working with clients and my current reading it, would seem clear…

    • Suicide Attempt by: Kelly

      April 17, 2010, 14:25

      Question. Last month I attempted suicide. I still feel that my family would be better off without me, that there is no future for me, that there is no light at…

    • Debating Prozac for a Child by: Kelly

      April 14, 2010, 14:22

      Question. After having exhausted many other avenues of treatment for my 6-year-old son, I feel confident that Prozac could change his life for the better. My…

    • Homeopathic Treatment for Depression by: Kelly

      April 3, 2010, 03:09

      Question. Have there been any studies or support in the treatment of depression with homeopathic remedies? Answer. There is a good deal of interest in the…

    • Is 5-HTP Safe? by: Kelly

      March 28, 2010, 08:00

      Question. Prime Time Live recently aired a story on treatment of depression, obesity and insomnia with 5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP). Is 5-HTP effective and…

    • Depression and the medically ill by: Kelly

      March 26, 2010, 07:58

      Question. Are you aware of any fairly recent articles or publications dealing with the evaluation and treatment of depression in the medically ill, the…

    • Prozac and Alcohol's Effects by: Kelly

      March 24, 2010, 01:57

      Question. I suffer from depression and have been on Prozac for a number of years now. It seems that after I have a few drinks, I notice a marked increase in my…

    • Sex Drive and Prozac by: Kelly

      March 22, 2010, 01:54

      Question. I was diagnosed with major depression and have taken several antidepressants that do not work. I have been taking Prozac for about a month and am…

    • Postpartum Depression and ECT by: Kelly

      March 19, 2010, 01:16

      Question. After I had a baby, I was diagnosed with postpartum depression and later postpartum psychosis. I tried many antidepressants and was also put on…

    • Thorazine and Depression by: Kelly

      January 27, 2010, 08:55

      Question. I recently heard of the use of a low dose of Thorazine for the treatment of depression. Are you familiar with this treatment? Answer. I am not…

    • Depression and Mood Music by: Kelly

      January 26, 2010, 08:52

      Question. I have read several articles that refer to the use of certain types of music that is supposed to help people who suffer from depression, but none of…

    • Depression and Weight Gain by: Kelly

      January 15, 2010, 08:09

      Question. I used to take 100 mg of imipramine per day for depression. Then I was diagnosed with mixed bipolar and was switched to 750 mg Depakote and 225 mg of…

    • Mental Health Professional with Depression by: Kelly

      January 14, 2010, 07:20

      Question. I am a mental health professional. However, I also find myself searching for information to console me personally. I have been diagnosed with major…

    • Antidepressants as a Treatment for Bipolar Disorder by: Kelly

      January 13, 2010, 07:41

      Question. I have read reports that antidepressants prescribed for patients in the depressed phase of cyclothymic or bipolar II illness can (a) shorten the…

    • Meds in the Second Trimester by: Kelly

      January 12, 2010, 07:25

      Question. My patient is in the second trimester of her pregnancy. She has panic disorder and depression. In the past, she responded well to Zoloft and…

    • Meds for Depression and Anxiety by: Kelly

      January 11, 2010, 07:48

      Question. Do you have a list of drugs for depression, and non-addictive medications for anxiety? Tricyclics of the older vintage would be helpful. Answer. I…

    • Zoloft and Pregnancy by: Kelly

      January 10, 2010, 19:44

      Question. I am a 40-year-old mother of two. A year ago I began taking Zoloft 150 mg per day. This medication has been a miracle for me. I am considering having…

    • Tremors and Psychotropic Drugs by: Kelly

      January 9, 2010, 19:39

      Question. After five months of severe depression that was unresponsive to medication, I had ECT and came out of the depression. I was immediately started on…

    • Prozac's Side Effects by: Kelly

      January 8, 2010, 19:21

      Question. I am on Prozac and suffer severe lower back pain and general aches and pains throughout the body especially the joints. Is there any link? Answer.…

    • Excercise and Depression by: Kelly

      January 7, 2010, 17:50

      Question. I am recovering from alcohol and drug addiction and ocassionally suffer from depression. It seems to me that exercise helps, even if it is just…

    • Immobilized by Depression by: Kelly

      January 6, 2010, 17:47

      Question. After using alcohol and amphetamines to dull my "bad feelings" for many years, I was diagnosed with clinical depression and put on antidepressants in…

    • Depression and Stress by: Kelly

      January 3, 2010, 17:40

      Question: I have lots of pressures from school and recently began a job as well. I find that I am increasingly stressed out and depressed, even lethargic. I…

    • Depression: Wellbutrin and Lamictal by: Kelly

      January 1, 2010, 09:13

      Question. My sister has been suffering for years with depression and is what has been termed a "difficult case." Generally, she tends not to react normally to…

    • Paxil and Weight Gain by: Kelly

      December 23, 2009, 09:10

      Question. I have been taking 30 mg of Paxil daily for nearly two years. I have gained about 15 pounds that I can't drop even though I've increased my activity…

    • Depression Medication Recommendation by: Kelly

      December 18, 2009, 09:01

      Question. I am writing this e-mail on behalf of my dad. He was diagnosed with depression about 7 years ago. ECT Treatments did not help. Although he has been…

    • Mental Illness and Impotence by: Kelly

      December 16, 2009, 08:56

      Question. What mental illnesses may cause impotence? What psychotropics may contribute to the problem? Answer. Impotence, or erectile dysfunction , is…

    • Antidepressants Exacerbating Hypertension by: Kelly

      December 13, 2009, 09:07

      Question. I have a problem with antidepressants exacerbating my hypertension. Are there any that don't increase blood pressure? Are there new antidepressants…

    • Ruling out symptoms by: Kelly

      December 12, 2009, 15:30

      Question. I have a diabetic patient in her early 30s who is also exhibiting signs of anxiety and depression. She's on 100mg Glucophage as well as 100u Humulin…

    • SSRI's Inhibitory Effects by: Kelly

      December 4, 2009, 04:18

      Question. Can you please give me your opinion on the P450 inhibitory effects of SSRIs, namely, fluoxetine, paroxetine, citalopram, sertraline and fluvoxamine?…

    • Recurring Depression by: Kelly

      December 3, 2009, 04:16

      Question. I am a 33-year-old male who has suffered from major depression for about 10 years. I was also anorexic and bulimic around age 25. I have been in…

    • "Old" vs. "New" Medications by: Kelly

      November 28, 2009, 11:33

      Question. My 18-year-old son was diagnosed schizophrenic two years ago. Currently hospitalized, he is receiving clozapine and Haldol as anti-psychotics and…

    • Parkinson's and Depression by: Kelly

      November 27, 2009, 03:35

      Question. I have an 80-year-old relative with Parkinson's disease and depression who was started on Prozac with good initial effects on mood and energy levels.…

    • Zyprexa (Olanzapine) and Depression by: Kelly

      November 26, 2009, 03:20

      Question. Has there been any testing yet of the efficacy of olanzapine (Zyprexa) for depression? Do you think its profile indicates that it might be a good…

    • Depression and Sensitivity by: Kelly

      November 25, 2009, 03:14

      Question. I have had mild, chronic dysthymia since adolescence and have been helped greatly in the last few years by Prozac. I believe much of my depressive…

    • Pit of Depression by: Kelly

      November 21, 2009, 03:11

      Question. My husband is depressive, on medication and seeing a psychiatrist. When he's in the "pit" he becomes incredibly needy. He has frequent panic attacks…

    • Depression Meds and Side Effects by: Kelly

      November 18, 2009, 13:20

      Depression Meds and Side Effects Q. I am 19 and have experienced depression for over two years. My doctor recently prescribed Serzone, which caused severe…

    • Episodic Depression Treatment by: Kelly

      November 17, 2009, 13:13

      Episodic Depression Treatment Q. I have been trying to deal with my depression, anxiety and posstraumatic stress disorder for 10 years. About nine months out…

    • Depression and Inhalant Abuse by: Kelly

      November 16, 2009, 13:43

      Depression and Inhalant Abuse Q. I have a friend who inhaled gas three times in his youth. He is very smart and has a great memory, but has severe depression.…

    • Discontinuing Depression Meds by: Kelly

      November 15, 2009, 13:35

      Discontinuing Depression Meds Q. I have had several bouts of depression in my life. Over the past six months, I have had recurrent periods of despondency and…

    • Remeron and Weight Gain by: Kelly

      November 14, 2009, 11:41

      Question.  My wife was diagnosed with depression and has tried various drug regimens. After trying many other meds, she recently began taking Remeron. Her…

    • Luvox and Smoking by: Kelly

      November 13, 2009, 06:04

      Question. I have obsessive compulsive disorder and panic disorder. I was recently prescribed Luvox. I have had no adverse reactions, and my doctor insists that…

    • New Therapy for Depression? by: Kelly

      November 12, 2009, 17:34

      Question. I've tried Prozac, Paxil, Zoloft, Pamelor, Effexor and Wellbutrin and I'm about ready to give up my antidepressant therapy! Nothing much happens,…

    • Paxil vs. Luvox by: Kelly

      November 11, 2009, 17:38

      Question. I am taking 20mg of Paxil and am seeing a behavior therapist for obsessive-compulsive disorder. My obsessions have been greatly subdued and I feel I…

    • Depression and Erectile Dysfunction by: Kelly

      November 10, 2009, 17:47

      Question. I have been depressed ever since my grandmother died three years ago. I have tried drugs and therapy, but nothing helps. I have no zest for life. My…

  • Category: Manuscripts  (18)
  • Category: Images Diagrams Tables  (14)
    • Histamine by: Kelly

      January 2, 2010, 11:15

      The distribution in the human brain of neurons and their projections (arrows) containing histamine.

    • Serotonin by: Kelly

      January 1, 2010, 11:13

      The distribution in the human brain of neurons and their projections (arrows) containing serotonin.

    • Bladder - Urinary Retention by: Kelly

      December 30, 2009, 16:37

      Noradrenergic innervation of the urinary tract via sympathetic neurons leaving the spinal cord regulates bladder emptying via alpha 1 receptors.

    • Heart - Tachycardia by: Kelly

      December 29, 2009, 16:37

      Noradrenergic innervation of the heart via sympathic neurons leaving the spinal cord regulates cardiovascular function, including heart rate, via beta 1…

    • Brainstem - Blood Pressure by: Kelly

      December 28, 2009, 16:37

      Brainstem norepinephrine in cardiovascular centers controls blood pressure.

    • Cerebellum - Tremor by: Kelly

      December 27, 2009, 16:37

      The noradrenergic projection from the locus coeruleus to the cerebellum may mediate motor movements, especially tremor.

    • Limbic - Energy Level, Agitation, Emotions by: Kelly

      December 26, 2009, 16:37

      The noradrenergic projection from the locus coeruleus to limbic cortex may mediate emotions, as well as energy, fatigue, and psychomotor agitation or…

    • Frontal 2 - Attention by: Kelly

      December 25, 2009, 16:37

      Other noradrenergic projections from the locus coeruleus to frontal cortex are thought to mediate the effects of norepinephrine on attention, concentration,…

    • Frontal 1 - Depression by: Kelly

      December 24, 2009, 16:37

      Some noradrenergic projections from the locus coeruleus to frontal cortex are thought to be responsible for the regulatory actions of norepinephrine on…

    • Norepinephrine by: Kelly

      December 24, 2009, 00:09

      The distribution in the human brain of neurons and their projections (arrows) containing catecholamine neurotransmitters.

    • Epinephrine by: Kelly

      December 23, 2009, 01:08

      The distribution in the human brain of neurons and their projections (arrows) containing catecholamine neurotransmitters.

    • Dopamine by: Kelly

      December 22, 2009, 22:05

      The distribution in the human brain of neurons and their projections (arrows) containing catecholamine neurotransmitters.

    • Somatotopic organization of sensory information by: Kelly

      December 18, 2009, 22:32

      (Top) The locations of primary and secondary somatosensory cortical areas on the lateral surface of the brain. (Bottom) Cortical representation of…

    • Gross anatomy of the forebrain by: Kelly

      December 17, 2009, 22:25

      (A) Cerebral hemisphere surface anatomy, showing the four lobes of the brain and the major sulci and gyri. The ventricular system and basal ganglia can…

  • Category: Treatment of Depression  (2)
    • Depression Interventions Effective by: Kelly

      January 28, 2010, 11:16

      Depression treatment in the United States has been getting a bad name in a number of quarters recently. Patients who responded to Caredata.com's 1999 Commercial…

    • St. John’s Wort and the Treatment of Depression by: Kelly

      January 24, 2010, 05:25

      Historically, St. John’s wort has been used as an herbal remedy for depression, anxiety, diuresis, gastritis and insomnia. Recent studies demonstrate that…

  • Category: Management  (7)
  • Category: Research Digest  (5)
    • Antidepressant Gets High Marks by: Kelly

      May 2, 2010, 05:44

      Results from several clinical studies designed to assess the effectiveness and tolerability of Reboxetine (Edronax), a new antidepressant agent, were announced…

    • Risk of Depression in Young Women by: Kelly

      April 30, 2010, 05:43

      A recent study sought to examine the risk of depression among young women. Researchers at the University of California, Los Angeles, studied the psychiatric…

    • Effects of Some Antidepressants Depressing by: Kelly

      April 27, 2010, 05:40

      Sexual dysfunction associated with antidepressants may be more prevalent than previously believed, according to researchers at Case Western Reserve University…

    • Why Epileptics Suffer from Depression by: Kelly

      April 24, 2010, 05:38

      Having epilepsy seems to increase the likelihood that you'll suffer from chronic depression and multiplies the risk for suicide by five times. Researchers from…

    • Depression Takes Heavy Toll on Diabetics by: Kelly

      April 21, 2010, 05:35

      Recent studies indicate that depression precedes Type II diabetes in 90 percent of people with both illnesses. What does that really mean to you? Researchers…

  • Category: SSRIs  (6)
    • SSRIs in anxious depression: Fluvoxamine by: Kelly

      October 13, 2010, 09:59

      Houck and Stankovic (1997) performed an 8-week open-label trial of fluvoxamine (Luvox) in 15 outpatients diagnosed as having mixed anxiety depression (MAD).…

    • SSRIs in anxious depression: Sertraline by: Kelly

      October 9, 2010, 09:58

      Carrasco and colleagues (1997) treated 36 patients with mixed anxiety-depression (ICD-10) with sertraline (Zoloft) in an open trial. Concomitant benzodiazepines…

    • SSRIs in anxious depression: Paroxetine by: Kelly

      October 7, 2010, 09:57

      Paroxetine (Paxil) has produced some of the most striking data showing superior efficacy on anxiety symptoms within depression compared with other antidepressan…

    • SSRIs in anxious depression: Fluoxetine by: Kelly

      October 3, 2010, 09:52

      The efficacy of fluoxetine (Prozac) in anxious depression was reported by Montgomery (1989) in an analysis of the pooled data of those patients who entered…

    • SSRIs in anxious depression by: Kelly

      October 1, 2010, 09:49

      Most patients suffering from major depression have anxiety symptoms as well as depressive symptoms and these commonly occurring anxiety symptoms are normally…

    • SSRIs. Forest Laboratories by: Kelly

      May 21, 2010, 07:19

      Definition of Depression A diagnosis of major depressive disorder is made if an individual has five or more of the following symptoms during the same two-week…

  • Category: Medical Practice  (7)
    • Interpersonal Psychotherapy by: Kelly

      May 25, 2011, 09:52

      Interpersonal Psychotherapy (IPT) is a time-limited psychotherapy specified in a manual and tested in numerous clinical trials that have established its…

    • Therapeutic Lifestyle Change by: Kelly

      May 24, 2011, 12:19

      Therapeutic lifestyle change (TLC) is a 14-week behavioral intervention for depression based on a set of six principal lifestyle elements of established…

    • Exercise and Depression by: Kelly

      May 24, 2011, 12:07

      Exercise may have an important role in the prevention and treatment of major depressive disorder. Available research evidence suggests that exercise reduces a…

    • Fussy Jane by: Kelly

      November 21, 2010, 15:28

      • present an overview of obsessive-compulsive disorder and the associated symptoms; • describe its pathophysiology; • explain the pharmacological…

    • Continual concerns for Mr Watson by: Kelly

      November 14, 2010, 14:48

      • present an overview of manic depressive disorder (bipolar affective disorder) and the associated symptoms; • describe its pathophysiology and…

    • A dangerous father? by: Kelly

      November 7, 2010, 14:42

      • present an overview of mania, its aetiology and associated symptoms; • outline a possible connection between the use of antidepressants and the…

    • A mother's loss by: Kelly

      November 2, 2010, 14:33

      • describe the signs and symptoms associated with this disorder; • describe the underlying pathophysiology of the disorder presented; • outline…

  • Category: Patient Treatment Manual  (27)
    • Posttraumatic Stress Disorder by: Kelly

      August 15, 2011, 16:47

      This Manual is both a guide to treatment and a workbook for persons who suffer from posttraumatic stress disorder. During treatment, it is a workbook in which…

    • Managing Anxiety and Distress by: Kelly

      August 15, 2011, 16:45

      The next step is to help you to feel more in control of your reactions. We will do this in several parts. First, there are many simple things you can do in…

    • Exposure Therapy: Confronting Feared Situations by: Kelly

      August 15, 2011, 16:44

      The next part of treatment is the most difficult and painful - confronting the feared situations and traumatic memories. It is also the most important. Your…

    • Exposure Therapy: Confronting the Memories by: Kelly

      August 15, 2011, 16:43

      A form of exposure therapy is also used to treat distressing memories of the trauma. We call it "imaginal exposure". In Section 5, we talked about confronting…

    • Generalized Anxiety Disorder by: Kelly

      August 15, 2011, 16:40

      This Manual is both a guide to treatment and a workbook for people who suffer from generalized anxiety disorder. During treatment, it is a workbook in which…

    • Relaxation Strategies:Generalized Anxiety Disorder by: Kelly

      August 15, 2011, 16:38

      What is relaxation training? Relaxation is the voluntary letting go of tension. This tension can be physical tension in the muscles or it can be mental, or…

    • Thinking Strategies by: Kelly

      August 15, 2011, 16:36

      Humans are thinking, feeling, and behaving beings. These three aspects of our make-up interact with each other. However, thoughts can often go unrecognized and…

    • Managing Worry by: Kelly

      August 15, 2011, 16:34

      Individuals with generalized anxiety worry a lot. These worries tend to center on everyday things; we all worry to some extent about problems that might arise…

    • Structured Problem Solving by: Kelly

      August 15, 2011, 16:32

      Our lives are full of problems to be solved, ranging from major life crises to the more mundane hassles of our day-to-day lives. However, no matter how small…

    • Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder by: Kelly

      August 15, 2011, 16:29

      This Manual is both a guide to treatment and a workbook for persons who suffer from obsessive-compulsive disorder. During treatment, it is a workbook in…

    • Specific Phobias by: Kelly

      August 15, 2011, 16:23

      This Manual is both a guide to treatment and a workbook for persons who suffer from specific phobias. During treatment, it is a workbook in which individuals…

    • Relaxation training: Specific Phobias by: Kelly

      August 15, 2011, 16:20

      The importance of relaxation training Human beings have a built-in response to threat or stress known as the flight or fight response. Part of this flight or…

    • Graded Exposure: Specific Phobias by: Kelly

      August 15, 2011, 16:18

      One of the hallmarks of a phobia is that the feared object or situation is avoided or endured with considerable distress. Remember that the sorts of avoidance…

    • Thinking Straight by: Kelly

      August 15, 2011, 16:16

      This part of the program is designed to help you to control the kinds of thoughts that occur when you are in the presence of something you fear. These thoughts…

    • Blood and Injury Phobia by: Kelly

      August 15, 2011, 16:15

      Fear and fainting Blood and injury phobias are relatively common, being found in about 4% of people. People with blood and injury phobias can be divided into…

    • Social Phobia by: Kelly

      August 15, 2011, 16:10

      This Manual is both a guide to treatment and a workbook for people who suffer from social phobia. During treatment, it is a workbook in which individuals can…

    • The Nature of Anxiety by: Kelly

      August 15, 2011, 16:09

      Anxiety is part of an automatic response to threat that all animals share. It is known as the flight or fight response. A series of physiological changes is…

    • Anxiety-Management Strategies by: Kelly

      August 15, 2011, 16:05

      By paying attention to these factors you can help to reduce your level of arousal - the degree of tension and alertness you feel - when this is excessive for…

    • Cognitive Therapy for Social Phobia by: Kelly

      August 15, 2011, 16:03

      People with social phobia experience anxiety in the company of others. However, there are marked variations between individuals in terms of the degree of…

    • Graded Exposure by: Kelly

      August 15, 2011, 15:58

      Ultimately, a phobia can be overcome only when an individual confronts his or her fears. This is called "exposure" to the feared situation. The most commonly…

    • Assertiveness by: Kelly

      August 15, 2011, 15:56

      What is assertiveness? Healthy assertion - assertiveness - is about choice and communication. It is the making of active choices about what to do and say. It…

    • Panic Disorder and Agoraphobia by: Kelly

      August 15, 2011, 15:44

      This Manual is both a guide to treatment and a workbook for persons who suffer from panic disorder and agoraphobia. During treatment, it is a workbook in which…

    • Control of Hyperventilation by: Kelly

      August 15, 2011, 15:41

      Recognizing hyperventilation The first step in preventing and controlling hyperventilation is to recognize how and when you overbreathe. Try monitoring…

    • Graded Exposure by: Kelly

      August 15, 2011, 15:34

      When a panic attack occurs for the first time in a certain situation, most people believe that, should they find themselves in that same situation again, they…

    • Thinking Straight by: Kelly

      August 15, 2011, 15:31

      This part of the program will help you to control the thoughts that accompany and promote anxiety. This will be done by learning to label situations more…

    • Producing the Panic Sensations by: Kelly

      August 15, 2011, 15:29

      One of the elements central to panic is the fearful reaction to bodily sensations, such as a pounding heart, dizziness, etc. We deal with this subject towards…

    • More About Thinking Straight by: Kelly

      August 15, 2011, 15:25

      Having discussed previously how unhelpful thoughts can be identified, challenged, and disputed we shall consider another method. Rather than engaging in a…